Dog Sneezing, just like in humans, is the sudden release of air through the nose and mouth due to an irritation in the nasal cavity. While it’s normal for dogs to sneeze occasionally, excessive sneezing can be a sign of an underlying issue. Common causes of frequent sneezing in dogs include:
- Allergies
- Infections
- Foreign bodies in the nasal cavity
- Inhaled irritants
- Nasal mites
- Nasal tumors
If your dog is sneezing excessively, it’s important to observe them closely. Crating them or placing them in a small room allows you to monitor for other symptoms such as coughing, nasal discharge, or pawing at the face. If the sneezing continues, a visit to the veterinarian is recommended—especially if it happens outside of regular hours, in which case an emergency pet hospital may be necessary.
Why Dog Sneezing?
Several factors can contribute to sneezing in dogs, some of which are more common in specific breeds, such as brachycephalic dogs (e.g., Bulldogs, Pugs, Boston Terriers, Shih Tzus). Here are some of the primary causes:
1. Allergies
Dogs can suffer from environmental allergies triggered by pollen, mold spores, mildew, and dust mites. While pollen allergies are seasonal, others can persist year-round. Symptoms besides sneezing may include watery eyes, itching, and excessive chewing or licking at their skin.
2. Infections
Bacterial, viral, or chronic infections can lead to frequent sneezing in dogs. Sinus infections or dental infections draining into the nasal cavity are common culprits. These infections require prompt veterinary care to prevent further complications.
3. Foreign Bodies
Dogs, especially curious ones, can inhale small objects like twigs, bugs, tinsel, rocks, or awns (sharp grass seed heads). Foxtail awns are particularly dangerous as they can work their way deep into tissues. If you suspect your dog has something lodged in their nasal cavity, immediate veterinary attention is crucial.
4. Inhaled Irritants
With their keen sense of smell, dogs are sensitive to a variety of environmental irritants, such as cleaning products, tobacco smoke, lawn fertilizers, and even freshly installed carpets. These can cause sneezing or, in more severe cases, respiratory distress.
5. Nasal Mite Infection
Nasal mites are parasites that cause sneezing, nasal discharge, nosebleeds, and itching. They are transmitted between dogs but cannot infect humans. Treatment typically involves antiparasitic medications.
6. Nasal Tumors
Long-nosed dogs are more susceptible to developing nasal tumors, which can cause sneezing, sometimes accompanied by blood. These tumors may be benign or malignant and require veterinary diagnosis and treatment.
Reverse sneezing in dogs
If your dog is sneezing excessively, take them to a veterinarian for a thorough examination. The vet may perform several diagnostic tests, including inspecting the nasal cavity and mouth, checking the teeth, palpating for facial swelling, and possibly recommending x-rays or blood work. If allergies are suspected, allergy testing might be advised.
Treatment will depend on the cause:
- Allergies: Allergy shots or medications may be prescribed.
- Infections: Antibiotics and anti-inflammatory medications are common treatments.
- Foreign bodies: Removal of lodged objects may require anesthesia.
- Inhaled irritants: Oxygen therapy and rest may be needed, along with avoiding further exposure to the irritants.
- Nasal mites: Topical and oral antiparasitic medications will be used.
- Tumors: Surgery, radiation, and chemotherapy may be necessary for malignant tumors.
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Prevention of Dog Sneezing
Preventing sneezing in dogs involves reducing exposure to potential allergens and irritants:
- Allergy shots can help dogs with severe allergies.
- Remove small objects that your dog might accidentally inhale, such as twigs, awns, and rocks from their environment.
- Limit exposure to harmful chemicals like tobacco smoke, pesticides, fertilizers, and strong cleaning agents. Opt for natural cleaning solutions when possible.
- Monitor for early symptoms of serious conditions such as tumors, especially in long-nosed breeds, and take your dog for regular veterinary check-ups to catch any issues early.
By staying vigilant and making small changes in your dog’s environment, you can significantly reduce the risk of sneezing caused by environmental irritants.
Cost of Treating Dog Sneezing
The cost of treatment for sneezing in dogs varies widely depending on the underlying cause:
- Nasal mite infestations: Around $500 for treatment.
- Malignant nasal tumors: Surgical and medical treatment can cost up to $12,000.
While not all cases are this severe, addressing the issue early can often prevent the need for more costly treatments later.
By keeping an eye on your dog’s sneezing habits and seeking timely veterinary care, you can help keep your pet healthy and comfortable.
